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The road beside the
Williams River |
Clarence Town (and Seaham)
Small and pleasant town on the northern edge of the
Hunter Valley District
Clarence Town is a small, pleasant, sprawling and tranquil
township picturesquely situated by the banks of the Williams
River, 204 km north of Sydney and 50 km north of Newcastle.
When the river system was the main mode of transport within
Australia, Clarence Town, being located at the Williams
River's head of navigation, was a busy and important river
port. Until the railway arrived it was effectively the
gateway to northern New South Wales - a river trip from
Newcastle taking about five hours.
The area around Clarence Town was once inhabited by the
Gringgai clan of the Wanaruah people. The first Europeans to
investigate the area were Lieutenant - Colonel Paterson
(then Lieutenant Governor of NSW) and explorer Francis
Barrellier who was in the area to conduct a survey of the
harbour in Newcastle. They explored the Hunter River and its
tributaries following what they took to be the Hunter to its
navigable limit. Governor King named the river in (William)
Paterson's honour. A cedargetters camp was later established
here and a village was in existence by 1826.
Clarence Town was initially known as Erringhi. Presumably
the Aboriginal name for the site, it is thought to mean
'place of wild ducks'. The settlement was situated at what
is now the southern end of town by the Williams River where
there was a wharf and where William Lowe and James Marshall
established the Deptford Shipyards in 1830. Clarence Town's
main claim to fame was that this was the spot where, in
1831, Australia's first ocean-going paddle steamer (called
the William IV) was built and launched.
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St Davids, a tiny wooden
church at Clarence Town. |
Marshall and Lowe produced many vessels over the years,
mostly under 50 tons, reaching a commercial peak in the
1870s and closing in the 1890s. Some of the steamers used on
the Sydney to Morpeth run were also built here.
The village was renamed in 1832 after the Duke of
Clarence (who became King William IV in 1830). A prosperous
town by mid-century it was much bigger than Dungog. Timber
was loaded here for international destinations. By the 1880s
dairying, grazing and fodder production had become the
town's economic mainstays and they remain so to this day.
Following on from the general economic depression of the
1890s floods hit for four consecutive years and a fire
destroyed much of the town. When the railway arrived in 1911
Clarence Town was bypassed and its importance as a centre of
exchange vanished.
Things to see:
Shipbuilding Plaque
At the southern end of town a gravel road (signposted 'Boat
Ramp') runs off Queen St to a small park with picnic
facilities overlooking a green, tree-lined and beautiful
section of the wide, deep and placid river. There is a
plaque at the picnic spot which commemorates 'the 150th
anniversary of the launching of the paddle-wheel steamer
William IV from the Deptford Shipyards, Clarence Town, 500
metres downstream on the west bank of the Williams River on
14th November 1831.
William IV was the first ocean-going steamer built in
Australia. She left Clarence Town under sail and her engines
were fitted in Sydney. Built by William Lowe and James
Marshall for Sydney merchant J.H. Grose, her length was 80
ft (24.4 m) and beam 15 ft (4.6 m). The plaque was unveiled
by Mrs Jessie Wetzler, a great grand-daughter of William
Lowe. A replica of the vessel plies Newcastle harbour on the
third Sunday of each month.
Post Office
The town's substantial two-storey post office (c.1880) has a
porch with cast-iron trim around the pillars and arched
windows on the upper storey emphasised by semi-circular
cement mouldings and distinct ledges.
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The Erringhi Hotel in
Clarence Town |
Erringhi Hotel
Just beyond it, on the other side of the road, is the very
attractive Erringhi Hotel (1913) which was erected on the
site of the George and Dragon Inn from 1842. This two-storey
symmetrical building has elaborate cast-iron lacework on the
upstairs balcony fencing and the eaves of the posts, and
carved timber bargeboards around the gables.
Hua Tsa
At the end of the road turn left into King St. At no. 132,
to the right, unmistakably, is Hua-Tsa (1856), a beautiful
building originally known as The Mill House and built on a
land grant made out to Charles Windeyer in 1833. It is a
long, single-storey house constructed of hand-made bricks
with a very high hipped roof, encircling verandah, cedar
joinery, and six-panelled doors with semi-circular
fanlights, and shuttered, multi-paned sash windows.
Roseneath
Just a couple of doors along, and set back from the road, is
Roseneath (1889) with a lovely verandah, shuttered windows
and fine gardens.
Hollydene
At no. 40 Russell St is Hollydene (1888), another fine
building with cast-iron lacework and an impressive garden.
Courthouse and Police Station
Designed by James Barnet the Courthouse was built in 1868-69
and is now a local history museum, open weekends and public
holidays from 10.00 a.m. - 5.00 p.m., contact (02) 4996
4267. It is a small timber building and, though modestly
conceived, is unlike most contemporary courthouses. The roof
is very steeply pitched with consequently distinct gables.
The verandah roof is hipped and supported by timber columns.
Next door is a pink police station with brown quoins also
dating back to the 19th century and still used for its
original purpose.
The Bridge Reserve
At the northern end of Grey St turn right into Duke St and
follow the road as it winds to the left, past the lovely
reserve on the riverbank and over the Brig O Johnson Bridge.
There are picnic facilities, toilets, a childrens' play
area, a boat ramp, a camping area and a caravan park where
you will find Just Canoes which has kayaks and canoes for
hire, tel: (02) 4996 4200.
The Good Samaritan Donkey Sanctuary
On the other side of the bridge, Limeburners Creek Rd heads
east. About 2 km out of town, on the left, at 101
Limeburners Creek Rd, is The Good Samaritan Donkey
Sanctuary, founded in 1990 to care for abandoned and
mistreated donkeys. There is a $5 entry fee.
Scenic Drive via Glen Martin
Just beyond the donkey sanctuary Glen Martin Rd heads off to
the left. This is an alternative scenic drive to Dungog. The
locality of Glen William is about 6 km along this road.
After an additional 3.5 km (watch for the massive hill
adjacent the road and the deer farm on the right) turn right
into Pine Brush Rd then, after another 6.4 km, turn right
again into Alison Rd which will take you the 8 or 9 km to
Dungog.
Wallarobba
The road to Wallarobba runs to the left (west) off Clarence
Town Rd. It leads through a verdant and scenic valley to
Wallarobba. When you come to the Paterson-Dungog Rd turn
left. 500 m will bring you to Camelot Lavender Farm. It has
lavender products and cottage garden plants for sale as well
as craft items and Devonshire teas. There is also an animal
friendship farm including llamas. They are open from 10 00
a.m. to 4.30 p.m. Wednesday to Sunday or other times for
groups, contact (02) 4995 6166.
Turn around heading north-east along the road to Dungog,
over the railway crossing and Wallarobba Creek Bridge. The
railway line to the right and the spectacle of the hills in
the distance accompany you until you rejoin Clarence Town
Rd. A right turn will take you back to Clarence Town and a
left to Dungog.
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View across the waters of
Seaham Weir |
Seaham
Head west along Queen St and this road will become Seaham Rd
which will take you the 13 km to Seaham. The pink-coloured
church which is visible on a hill to the right just as you
leave Clarence Town is St Patrick's. The drive to Seaham is
very green and pleasant. On your left as you enter Seaham is
Seaham Weir which is a large and beautiful body which is a
popular fishing spot well-stocked with bass and mullet from
November to February.
Turn left at the Raymond Terrace sign along East Seaham
Rd then right at the Warren St intersection. To the left is
the small but attractive St Andrew's Anglican Church (1860),
a quaint little building made of rubble stone. It stands
adjacent Seaham Swamp Nature Reserve.You will usually see
the impressive spectacle of many dozens of herons perched in
the tea-trees.
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Clarence Town