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The Big Banana
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Coffs Harbour
Large centre on the North Coast famous as the home of
'The Big Banana'.
Coffs Harbour is a major coastal resort town, also noted for
its banana plantations and its fishing. It is beautifully
located where the mountains tumble down to the sea, 558 km
north-east of Sydney and 3 metres above sea-level.
Although bigger than most NSW coastal towns (its
population is now over 65 000), it is typically occupied by
retirees seeking the warm north of the state and by
holiday-makers eager to enjoy themselves and spend some
money.
The appearance of Coffs Harbour has not been enhanced by
the emergence of high-rise units which remind one of
suburban Sydney rather than a holiday resort. Nonetheless,
it has a kind of glorious subtropical laziness attached to
it while at the same time wanting to be considered a
thriving city.
It is thought that the Gumbaingirr Aborigines lived in
the area prior to 1788. It is said that the first Europeans
in the area were convict escapees who took refuge on
offshore Muttonbird Island in 1791. Timbergetters began to
open up the Bellinger Valley from 1841.
Coffs Harbour was named Korff's Harbour' by John Korff, a
naval architect and shipbuilder who took shelter in the bay
during a gale in 1847. The modification of the name occurred
in 1861 when the town site was reserved.
Cedar-getting was the economic mainstay in the early
years, although some agriculture developed with the gradual
clearing of the land. The dangers entailed in navigating the
natural harbour were evident with the sinking of the
Carrywell in 1865, leading to a boycott of the harbour by
ships' captains until a lighthouse was built in 1878.
The area was opened up for selection from 1863 although
there was little settlement until 1880. As the river flats
were very fertile, higher prices were asked for blocks which
initially slowed development although the land along the
flats had all been taken up by the early 1890s.
The first school opened in 1885 and a town was proclaimed
and laid out in 1886. It was given the official name of
Brelsford but this title did not take. Tentative forays into
fruit, dairying, goldmining and sugarcane had been made by
that time. Sugar mills developed in the area but frosts, low
prices and transportation difficulties had virtually killed
the industry by the end of the century.
Transportation also held the timber industry back until
1892 when a jetty was completed. The construction of an
access road had provided employment during the 1880s and the
conjunction of these infrasructural advances saw the timber
industry begin to thrive. A number of mills opened and, at
its peak, 4.5 million metres of timber a year were shipped
from Coffs Harbour. Inevitably, such plunder led to a
shortage of resources and the decline of the industry in the
1920s.
Gold mining took place between 1881 and 1898 but much of
the gold was only on the surface and the hardness of the
sandstone created additional difficulties. Though some
ventures were prosperous, all were short-lived. However,
they did draw prospectors, some of whom settled in the area
as farmers.
Meanwhile south coast dairy farmers began to settle in
the area. A butter factory opened in 1910, although the
degradation of pasturage and a switch to bananas saw the
industry shrink after World War II.
The railway arrived in 1915, causing a decline in
shipping (the harbour had been an important outlet for local
produce) but an increase in tourism which had commenced with
the development of the first access road in 1884.
Another side effect of the railway's construction (and
simultaneous work on the harbour) was the development of the
banana industry. The first bananas were introduced into the
area from Fiji in 1881, but it was the hungry mouths of 1500
workers and their families which provided a fillip to the
industry. The railway link with Sydney was completed in
1923, adding further stimulus to local farming and, when
disease wiped out the banana plantations further north in
the late 1920s, Coffs Harbour became the country's major
centre of production.
Improved access by road, rail and air in subsequent years
saw the expansion of the tourism industry. Today Coffs
Harbour is one of the major tourist destinations in the
state outside of Sydney. Consequently the population rises
dramatically in summer.
The harbour became the base of a large fishing fleet in
the 1970s which is still very active. Tourism, bananas,
fishing, timber and engineering now constitute the mainstays
of the local economy.
In recent years, seaside estates have been developed
along 30 km of local coastline. The two somewhat separate
town areas (that along the highway and that by the jetty)
have been fused by recent urban growth
Things to see:
Tourist Information and General Activities
The Coffs Coast Visitor Information Centre is a good place
to commence an exploration of the area. It is located at the
corner of Pacific Hwy and McLean St, tel: (02) 6652 1522 or,
toll-free, 1300 369 070. It can furnish self-guide maps
concerning 4WD tours in the area and information regarding
surfing, boating, snorkelling, bushwalking, hot-air
ballooning, white-water rafting, canoeing, game fishing and
horseriding.
The marina in Harbour Drive is a departure point for
fishing charters, whale-watching cruises from May to
September and scuba-diving cruises to the Solitary Islands
Marine Reserve. Summer visitors with children may want to
check out the Aquajet Waterslide in Park Beach Rd which runs
off the highway at the northern end of town.
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The Boat Harbour at Coffs
Harbour |
Beaches
The town beaches, south to north, are Boambee Beach (which
extends south to Sawtell), Jetty
Beach and Park Beach. Further north are Diggers Beach,
Campbells Beach, Mid Sapphire Beach, Moonee Beach, Shelly
Beach, Emerald Beach, Fiddamans Beach and Sandys Beach. The
next stop is Woolgoolga.
Moonee Beach, 10 km north of the Big Banana, is a large
beach with a small settlement and a foreshore lined with
pine trees. It has good facilities. Emerald Beach (17 km
north of the Big Banana) is also attractive, though Sandy
Beach (a further 2 km north, on the other side of Bare
Bluff) is quieter and more secluded.
Coffs Harbour Historical Museum
The Coffs Harbour Historical Museum at 191 Harbour Dr, near
the Earle St corner (east of the Mall), is open Tuesday to
Thursday and Sunday from 1.30 p.m. to 4.00 p.m. It has
Aboriginal artefacts (mostly large and carefully-crafted
pebble tools), cedar-getters' implements, mining and farming
relics and the lantern from the South Solitary Island
Lighthouse, made of brass and hand-cut prism glass, which
was in use from 1880 to 1975. On the latter date the
lighthouse was automated, tel: (02) 6652 5794.
The North Coast Regional Botanic Garden
The North Coast Regional Botanic Garden in Hardacre St
(which runs off Harbour Dr) covers 20 ha and displays both
native and exotic flora, rainforest areas and prolific
birdlife. It is surrounded on three sides by Coffs Creek and
covers 19 ha. There are various self-guided walks.
Beacon Hill Lookout
To access Beacon Hill Lookout, turn right off Harbour Dr
into Edinburgh St as you head downhill to the harbour.
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The jetty and Muttonbird
Island |
The Old Jetty Area and Muttonbird Island
The old jetty dates from 1892 when it gave a boost to the
local timber industry and provided a crucial outlet for
other regional produce. This is a very pleasant area for a
stroll - along the jetty, Jetty Beach, the Foreshore Park
and out to Muttonbird Island (600 m x 200 m) which is
adjoined to the mainland by a breakwater that constitutes
the northern arm of the harbour. Surrounded by rugged rocks,
the island is home to what is thought to be the largest
colony of wedge-tailed shearwaters in NSW which breed on the
island in the summer. Humpback whales can also be seen from
May to September during their annual migration.
Markets are held at the Jetty Village Shopping Centre
every Sunday from 8.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. You can paint a
plaster figurine or make a simple craft item at Plaster Fun
House, tel: (02) 6651 3637.
Pet Porpoise Pool
Not far from the jetty, in Orlando St, is the Pet Porpoise
Pool, situated near the entrance to Coffs Harbour Creek. It
has performing porpoises, sea lions, live sharks, penguins
and other marine animals, a reef tank and a native fauna
sanctuary, as well as a cafe and souvenirs. It is open daily
with sea circus shows at 10.30 a.m. and 2.15 p.m. daily,
tel: (02) 6652 2164.
The Clog Barn
The Clog Barn is a miniature Dutch village complete with
miniature historical buildings, waterfalls, canals,
windmills and locomotive. It is located on the highway
between Harbour Dr and Orlando St and is open from 8.00 a.m.
daily with clog-making demonstrations at 11.00 a.m. and 4.00
p.m., tel: (02) 6652 4633.
The Big Banana
The Big Banana, famous for its enormous yellow concrete
banana, is a combination of the kitsch, the educational and
the entertaining. It is located 3 km north of Coffs Harbour
on the western side of the Pacific Highway. There is a
monorail tour of the complex which incorporates the
Aboriginal Dreamtime Cave, featuring the Dreamtime story of
the Gumbaingirr tribe, a skywalk to the lookout, toboggan
rides, an ice rink, a billabong complete with bunyip, an
audio-visual theatrette, historical exhibits, hydroponic
glasshouses which feature an array of unusual exotic
species, a tissue culture laboratory, a gift shop, a produce
centre, a packing shed and a hilltop restaurant with
excellent views, tel: (02) 6652 4355.
Bruxner Park Flora Reserve
Less than 2 km north of the Big Banana the Bruxner Park Rd
heads north-west off the highway into Orara State Forest. A
few kilometres along this road is Bruxner Park Flora Reserve
(407 ha), named after Lieutenant-Colonel Bruxner, a
committed conservationist and advocate of creating nature
reserves. Its dense rainforest growth of vines, orchids and
ferns is bisected by a walking track which takes in a picnic
area at Park Creek. A scenic road leads to Sealy Lookout,
from whence there are excellent views of the city, coastline
and hills.
Coffs Harbour Zoo
The award-winning Coffs Harbour Zoo, 14 km north, has nearly
400 different animals, continual animal presentations, an
animal nursery and a rainforest aviary, all set in fine
landscaped gardens. Children can hand-feed kangaroos,
waterbirds and wallabies. It is open daily from 8.30 a.m.,
tel: (02) 6656 1330.
George's Gold Mine
Continue west along this road which was once part of the
main North Coast Road from Sydney to the Queensland border.
16 km from the highway, at Coranda, turn left off the
Grafton Rd and follow the signs (the roads are mostly
surfaced) for about another 20 km to George's Gold Mine
which offers guided walks of the Bayfield Gold Mine,
established in the late 19th century. Displays relate to
that era's goldmining technology and methods, including a
working stamper battery, steam engines. There is also gold
panning, a pioneer house, a picnic area, a lookout and
rainforest walks. The mine is open daily, tel: (02) 6654
5355.
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