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Inverell Town Hall
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Inverell (including Gilgai)
Large and interesting service town on the Macintyre River
Inverell is situated on a bend in the Macintyre River, 590 m
above sea-level and 690 km north of Sydney. It has a
population of 10 000 and is essentially a service centre to
a mixed farming district. Mining has been a staple of the
area since the 1870s with tin, sapphires, zircons and
diamonds all being commercially exploited. The area is well
known as a fossicking district, producing topaz, quartz,
silver, diamonds, agate, petrified wood, rhodorite,
tourmaline and lead, as well as sapphires, diamonds and tin.
The Inverell area has long been a source of much of the
world's sapphire supply.
Before white settlement the Jukambal, a sub-group of the
Murri people, occupied the land. The first whites in the
district were probably convicts who escaped chain gangs in
the Hunter Valley. When white settlers arrived the convicts
sometimes received pardons in return for acting as guides
and interpreters.
Alan Cunningham became the first European to pass through
the district on his ground-breaking trip to the Darling
Downs in 1827. The first selection in the immediate area
(Byron Station) was taken up at the confluence of the
Macintyre and Swanbrook Rivers by Alexander Campbell c.1836,
on behalf of the McIntyre Estates in Scotland. He was so
impressed that he soon took up 50 000 acres himself on the
other side of the river, naming his property 'Inverell', a
Gaelic word meaning 'the meeting-place of the swans', of
which there were apparently numerous in the 1830s. The
property still exists, albeit greatly reduced, to the north
of the town.
Colin and Rosana Ross established a store near a popular
crossing on the Macintyre River in 1853 to cater to early
settlers and to teamsters headed north to the Darling Downs.
He soon added a water-driven flour mill and an inn. Ross
Hill bears their name and nearby streets were named after
their children. The residents petitioned for a townsite to
be laid out in 1855. By 1859 there was a Presbyterian church
(most early settlers being Scottish), two stores, two inns
and a collection of bark huts and tents. By 1861 the
population had reached 177.
Merino sheep were fundamental to the district in the
early days. From 1866 small selectors moved into the area
and began wheat-farming. Tin discoveries in the area were
sparked by a find at Elsmore, 14 km to the east and, by
1875, 500 men were employed at the Inverell mine, including
many Chinese. Consequently the town entered a period of
strong growth, becoming a municipality in 1872.
Diamonds were discovered at Copes Creek in 1875 and were
mined at Copeton from 1883-1922. Other minerals, metals and
gems were soon being mined, including bauxite, lead, silver,
sapphires and zircons. The population jumped from 1212 in
1881 to 5131 in 1911.
The Sapphire City Floral Festival, a celebration of the
arrival of spring. It lasts a week with a street parade, a
ball, fireworks, displays, competitions and other
activities. The Sapphire City Markets are held on the third
Sunday of each month and the Hobby Markets on the first
Sunday in Campbell Park, by the river.
Things to see:
Tourist Information Centre, Mining Museum and Parks
The town's tourist information centre is located in the
Water Towers Complex, once Inverell's water source, in
Campbell St. The centre is open from 9.00 a.m. - 5.00 p.m
weekdays and from 9.00 a.m. - 12.00 a.m. on Saturdays. It
also opens for restricted hours on public holidays and on
Sundays in school holidays, tel: (02) 6722 1693.
Within the centre is a mining museum with a gem and
mineral display and a working sapphire model.
Adjacent is Campbell Park, a lovely riverside spot where
the Hobby Markets are held on the first Sunday of each
month. Nearby a footbridge leads over the river to Lions
Park.
Inverell Art Centre
At 5 Evans St is The Inverell Art Centre which has a large
array of paintings, pottery and craft. It is open weekdays
from 10.00 a.m. - 5.00 p.m. It is located in Butler Hall
(1909), adjacent the town hall (1905).
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The Court House with its
impressive clock tower |
Some Heritage Buildings
Turn right into Otho St, the town's main street. To the
right are the post office (1904) and the Classical
brick-rendered Court House. The town's fourth it was built
in 1886-89 and has an impressive clock tower. The interior
furnishings, joinery and woodwork are of red cedar. It has
been restored to its original colours.
Opposite is the CBC Bank building (1890), a two-storey
rendered brick Italianate building with the old stables
still at the rear of the building.
Bicentennial Memorial
At the end of Otho St is a roundabout. Opposite is Sinclair
Park, home to the Bicentennial Memorial which features a
series of panels depicting the history of the Inverell area.
They are organised into three courtyards, the first
depicting the era before European arrival in Australia, the
second covering 1788-1888 and the third 1888-1988. There is
a mosaic map in the central concourse depicting the
geographical features of the area that were known to the
Aborigines before white settlement.
Presbyterian Church
Over Vivian St, opposite, is the Presbyterian Church, the
town's second, built to a Gothic design of English bonded
brick in 1878. It has a prominent tower, a slate roof with
terracotta ridge-capping, rainwater heads, brick lintels,
stuccoed trims, finials and articulated quoins.
Anglican Church
Walk along Henderson St, turning left into Lawrence St. In
the second block, to the right, is the Church of England,
designed by J. Horbury Hunt, arguably the finest architect
practising in 19th-century Australia. Like the Presbyterian
Church it is a Gothic design with terracotta ridge-capping
and a slate roof.
Kurrajong Memorial Ave
At the southern end of Clive St there is a walking track
along the riverside and through a native tree reserve. There
are picnic facilities and views of the town from John
Northey Lookout.
Lake Inverell Reserve
At the eastern edge of town Onus Ave heads south off the
highway. At its end is the parking area and information
board of Lake Inverell Reserve, an aquatic sanctuary which
is a fine spot for picnicking, fishing and bushwalking along
the designated walking tracks through open sclerophyll
forest. There is plenty of wildlife around the lake which
was, for 45 years, the town's water supply.
McIlveen Lookout
Just 3 km west of town is McIlveen Park Lookout which has
good views over the town and district. There are picnic and
barbecue facilities.
Morris's Honey Farm
4 km along the Copeton Dam Rd is Morris's Honey Farm which
has a train ride through the park to see a working
demonstration, a chance to taste local honeys, a native bird
aviary, a bottle museum,a gem display with a sapphire cutter
and polisher in attendance and a range of souvenirs for
sale. Fishing bait can also be obtained here, tel: (02) 6722
1725.
Gwydir Ranch Park
On Copeton Dam Rd, not far from the lake, is Gwydir Ranch
Park, a 4WD recreation area situated in picturesque and
rugged mountain country. A recreation and camping area has
been set up by the river where fishing, swimming, canoeing
and bushwalking can all be pursued, tel: (02) 6723 6281.
Copeton Dam
39 km south-west is Copeton Dam. There are camp and caravan
sites, a kiosk, an amenities block, cabins, on-site vans,
fuel sales, boat hire, a six-hole golf course, tennis
courts, sailing, windsurfing, power boating, waterskiing,
fishing, walking tracks, two adventure playgrounds,
waterslides and plenty of wildlife.
Whitewater Rafting
From October to March irrigation water is released from the
dam into the Gwydir River creating grade 4-5 rapids. There
are one-day and two-day excursions. Ring Wildwater
Adventures on (02) 6653 4469 or the visitors' centre on (02)
6722 1693.
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Inverell Pioneer Village
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Inverell Pioneer Village
Inverell Pioneer Village, just south of town, is a
collection of 19th-century homes and buildings, relocated in
landscaped environs to present the impression of a colonial
village. Included is a printing office, Paddy's Pub (1874,
built of pit-sawn timber and once a Cobb & Co stopover on
the road to Bundarra), a miner's hut, the Nullamanna Church
(c. 1901), a hall, Goonoowigall school (1887), a
blacksmith's hut, a telephone exchange, a farrier's shop, a
shearing shed, a cottage which houses a collection of gems
and minerals, and an 1841 homestead with a stringybark roof
from the Tingha area which serves as a museum housing
artefacts of the period 1840-1925. There are also old steam
and traction engines. Afternoon tea is available on Sunday
and by arrangement. The complex is open Tuesday to Saturday
from 10.00 a.m. - 5.00 p.m. and, on Sunday and Monday, from
2.00 p.m. - 4.00 p.m.
Goonoowigall Reserve
The 2000-ha reserve, home to an extensive array of flora and
fauna, is 5 km south of Inverell, just off the Tingha Rd. In
pre-colonial days the Jukambal hunted here and the
vegetation is today much as it would have been 200 years
ago. The name is Jukambal for 'water and rock wallabies'.
Five short walking tracks lead by huge granite outcrops
such as Thunderbolts Rock, which can be climbed, and to
other scenic sites and picnic spots. There is a pamphlet,
available from the visitors' centre, with a map detailing
the walks. Tin-mining commenced here in the 1870s. Chinese
earth ovens from those days are thought to still be
scattered about. A woolwash was established in the 1880s and
a school operated from 1887-1911, catering to about 11
pupils at a time. It has been relocated to the Pioneer
Village.
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Inverell