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View across the Pambula
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Pambula
Small rural town in the hinterland behind the coast
The historic village of Pambula is located 473 km south of
Sydney via the Princes Highway on the far south coast of New
South Wales. It is a pretty little town spread on both sides
of the Pambula River valley.
The area was first explored by Europeans on 18 December
1797 during the southern voyage of George Bass. Taking
shelter in an inlet during a gale Bass travelled up the
Pambula River noting the beauty of the spot in his diary.
This site has been marked by the National Parks and Wildlife
Service.
The Imlay Brothers, pioneers and landowners in the area,
were probably the first European settlers, establishing
their head station on the banks of the Pambula River in the
1830s. When the brothers were broken by the depression of
the early 1840s the Walker Brothers obtained the property.
In 1845 a road, passing through Pambula, was established
from Monaro to Eden. The growth of traffic prompted the
Walker Brothers to build the Governor Fitzroy Hotel, one of
the first hotels between Moruya and the border.
The residents of the early town realised they had settled
on a flood plain when the river overflowed its banks in
1851. Over time the centre of settlement shifted to higher
ground. Typical of the problems was the Pambula Cemetery.
The original site, east of the Highway and still marked by
an enclosure around some remaining graves, was prone to
flooding and many of the older headstones were shifted to
the new site.
The discovery of gold at Kiandra gave the town a boost.
Timber, maize, wattlebark, dairying and oyster farming
(commencing 1891) were important aspects of the economy in
the late nineteenth century but it was the discovery of gold
on the banks of the Yowaka River in 1888 which provided the
greatest excitement.
According to legend the two prospectors who discovered
the gold had decided to abandon their fruitless search and
it was only on the way back to town, when they washed the
dirt they had gathered, that they made their discovery. By
1891 there were eleven mining companies in operation at the
Mount Gahan site.
In the early years of the twentieth century the town's
prosperity and population went into a decline as the local
dairying, maize and wattlebark industries encountered
difficulties and gold production virtually ceased around
1915. Because it has changed little this century, modern day
Pambula has retained some of its old-fashioned charm.
Things to see:
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Pambula Court House
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Historic Buildings in Pambula
The Commercial Hotel, on the corner of Toalla and Quondola
Sts, was established in 1878 on the site of an earlier inn,
using materials from Pambula's old National School. If you
continue west along Toalla Street you will find the Court
House (1860) and, next door but set back from the road, is
St Peter's Catholic Church (1867).
Opposite the Shell Service Station on Quondola Street is
'The Retreat' (c.1850). Unoccupied at the time of writing
the building originally belonged to Syms Covington who
opened 'The Forest Oak' inn there in 1857.
Sir William McKell, Australian Labor politician, premier
of NSW (1941-47) and governor-general of Australia (1947-53)
was born in Pambula in 1891 at the site now occupied by
McKell's Eating House and Emporium on Toalla St.
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The Grange
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Historic Buildings in the District
If you cross the flats into South Pambula you will see 'The
Grange' on your right, built by Captain John Lloyd, a
veteran of the battle of Trafalgar who, in 1844, received a
grant of 300 acres in the area in lieu of retirement pay.
Lloyd did a good deal of rescue work in his boat during the
floods of 1851.It is believed that the stone used in its
construction came from Devon as ship's ballast. At one time
boats could be moored just below 'The Grange' but the river
changed its course in the floods of 1860. While settlers
such as the Imlay Brothers employed and got on with the
local Aborigines, others were less at ease. Lloyd had the
windows of 'The Grange' barred for this reason.
At the junction of the road to Bombala is the former Roan
Horse Inn (c. 1850s), one of the early caterers to the
traffic, while further down the Bombala Road is an old
butter factory dating from the end of the nineteenth
century.
South along the Princes Highway you will encounter a
building that was moved to its location from a point
somewhere south of Boydtown. It is now the Settler's Cottage
tearooms and craft shop.
In the District
South of the town is a turn-off to the left which will take
you to Pambula Estuary where the Sinbad Cruises offer
cruises along the lake and river. The trip ventures into Ben
Boyd National Park past large Aboriginal middens on the
river banks that are over 2000 years old. If you are headed
for Wyndham or just looking for an outing, 9 km west of
South Pambula you will find Pambula River Picnic Area on the
Wolumla Peak Road, just off the Wyndham Road.
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Pambula Beach
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If you turn left along Bullara St, you will find yourself
at Pambula Beach and the headland of the river mouth. The
beach, located at the southern end of Merimbula Bay, is long
and impressive and is noted for its surfing. There is a
walking track and lookout nearby and a caravan park
immediately adjacent.
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Pambula